What is MODAPTS?
MODAPTS or MODular Arrangement
or Predetermined Timed Standards, represents a significant
breakthrough in work measurement technology. It makes engineered work
measurement a practical and economic reality. MODAPTS
provides an economical method of preparing work standards that is:
- simple and quick
- quick and easy to apply
- consistent
- reliable, and
- versatile.
MODAPTS is a free-standing system using a number of basic elements
of motion. An analyst can combine these elements to describe and
calculate the time it takes an average operator to complete an operation.
How does MODAPTS work?
MODAPTS programmed course material is
specially designed for non-technical personnel. The student is trained
in the observation of motion patterns and the selection of 21 basic MODAPTS
activities to develop standards for normal work operations. These
activities are graphically presented on a unique data card designed for
easy memorization.
Why does MODAPTS work?
Because MODAPTS is easy to explain and
employs a small number of values, a review of standards by interested parties
is simple and the possibility of controversy is reduced. Because
MODAPTS analyzes motion patterns, subjective operator ratings,
essential to conventional time study, are not necessary.
MODAPTS can easily be merged into existing work measurement programs
and offers the user:
- rapid derivation of objective standards
- increased utilization of work measurement personnel
- improved communications, and
- added potential for analytical evaluation.
How can MODAPTS work for me?
MODAPTS is equally valuable to firms
currently using formalized work measurement programs as wells as those considering
a work measuring activity. It puts work measurement capability in the
hands of small firms that do not have the technical staff required for
traditional measurement. In large firms, existing work measurement
specialists can use MODAPTS to increase the effectiveness of
standards coverage, and reduce the cost of standards development.
MODAPTS can be merged easily into an existing work measurement
program. It develops highly accurate standards rapidly, often
within minutes after observing an operation. Potential MODAPTS
users include individuals employed in virtually any industry including:
- Manufacturing
- Distribution
- Retailing
- Transportation
- Hospitals
- Government
- Not-for-Profit Agencies
- Banking
- Insurance, and
- Public Utilities.
What is the difference between MOST and MODAPTS?
There is negligible difference between MOST and MODAPTS in
overall time, however within the individual elements there is some disparity.
This can be seen on the 'Element Comparrison Sheet' detailing the individual
parts of each pattern. An understanding of disparities is given below.
(The following is based on a
LandRover study taken in Solihull, England.)
Walking:
It can be seen in all cases (with the exception of a single step) that
MODAPTS pays considerably higher than the corresponding MOST value.
After discuss with George Miko it is believed that the reason for this lies in
the expected walking speed of an associate. MODAPTS is based on a pace
approximately 3 miles per hour whilst Standard Performance expects an
associate to walk at 4 miles per hour. If this is taken into account the
difference in values is significantly reduced. Another cause of the variance
is that MOST splits walking into ranges (1-2 steps 5-7 steps etc) so an
average for the range is paid for
all steps within the range. In the case of MODAPTS the actual number of
steps are paid as a multiple of 1 step.
Reach, Gain Control and Pace:
Once again, there is significant variation between the individual values given
by MOST &
MODAPTS. In this case however the reasons are in the way the patterns
are applied rather than in a difference in performance.
To illustrate this successfully, it is necessary to show a full pattern
using these activities;
Operation: Grasp a pen from the desk and place aside in an open
drawer (assume pen is approx 12"" from hand to start).
The MOST pattern would be:
A1G1A1P1 for a total of 40 TMU's and a time value of
0.020 minutes
The MODAPTS pattern would be:
M4G1M4P0 for a total of 9 MODS and a time value of
.0194 minutes
A difference of 0.006 minutes
With MODAPTS, an 'M' value is always used with a corresponding 'G'
or 'P' and as such the actual difference between MOST and MODAPTS
becomes negligible.
This is also the case when a walk is involved. For example, if the above
operation entailed a 3 step walk to get and place the pen.
The MOST pattern would be:
A6G1A6P1 for a total of 140 TMU's and time value of
0.07 minutes.
The MODAPTS pattern would be:
3(W5) M2G1 3(W5) M2P0 for a total of 35 MODS and a
value of 0.075 minutes
A difference of 0.005 minutes
Once again it can be seen that an 'M' value is placed directly after the
walking has finished whilst the A1 value in the MOST pattern has been
removed.
Therefore, when viewed in isolation there appears to be a large amount of
variation between MOST and MODAPTS concerning Reach, Gain
Control & Placement, but when applied as a complete pattern, the rules
regarding payment have a leveling effect on the overall value.
Other Elements:
While only the main movement points of
MODAPTS and MOST have been touched upon there are other elements
that may require some coverage.
Process Time: This item remains the same
in both methods. The actual time is
converted into the relevant unit by working backwards i.e. 3 seconds = 10
TMU's
in MOST {(3/60x2000)/10} and 3 seconds = 23.25 MODS in MODAPTS
{(3/60)/.00215}
Bend and Arise: The variance between
MOST & MODAPTS is 0.0065 minutes.
Benefits and Concerns:
When MODAPTS is used, the step values given indicate the exact number
of steps that the operator takes. This can have both positive and negative
results. In the event of a restudy of the patterns, if the number of steps is
different it can be seen immediately. Conversely, if a different operator with
a shorter or longer stride takes over the operation there could be issues
raised on whether enough or too much has been paid. In MOST, the fact
that a range of steps is paid gives a better chance that an operator of
differing stride will be captured within the range. However, during a restudy
only if the walking distance has changed 'out of' the paid range will it be
picked up.
The same is true of arm movements (M). MODAPTS pay 6 values to reach
for an object, ranging from M1 finger movements to M7 trunk assisted movement.
MOST pays an A1 for all movements of the arm. An added benefit of
MODAPTS is the ability to distinguish the actual arm movement as an aid to
restricted associate utilization. If, for example and operator is unable to
perform a type of operation due to injury i.e.. Lift an object with an
extended arm, the patterns can be checked and operations that require extended
lifting can be filtered out. As with MOST, MODAPTS can be used
to filter body bends, etc.